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Bone & Joint Open
Vol. 4, Issue 11 | Pages 865 - 872
15 Nov 2023
Hussain SA Russell A Cavanagh SE Bridgens A Gelfer Y

Aims

The Ponseti method is the gold standard treatment for congenital talipes equinovarus (CTEV), with the British Consensus Statement providing a benchmark for standard of care. Meeting these standards and providing expert care while maintaining geographical accessibility can pose a service delivery challenge. A novel ‘Hub and Spoke’ Shared Care model was initiated to deliver Ponseti treatment for CTEV, while addressing standard of care and resource allocation. The aim of this study was to assess feasibility and outcomes of the corrective phase of Ponseti service delivery using this model.

Methods

Patients with idiopathic CTEV were seen in their local hospitals (‘Spokes’) for initial diagnosis and casting, followed by referral to the tertiary hospital (‘Hub’) for tenotomy. Non-idiopathic CTEV was managed solely by the Hub. Primary and secondary outcomes were achieving primary correction, and complication rates resulting in early transfer to the Hub, respectively. Consecutive data were prospectively collected and compared between patients allocated to Hub or Spokes. Mann-Whitney U test, Wilcoxon signed-rank test, or chi-squared tests were used for analysis (alpha-priori = 0.05, two-tailed significance).


Bone & Joint Open
Vol. 3, Issue 1 | Pages 98 - 106
27 Jan 2022
Gelfer Y Leo DG Russell A Bridgens A Perry DC Eastwood DM

Aims

To identify the minimum set of outcomes that should be collected in clinical practice and reported in research related to the care of children with idiopathic congenital talipes equinovarus (CTEV).

Methods

A list of outcome measurement tools (OMTs) was obtained from the literature through a systematic review. Further outcomes were collected from patients and families through a questionnaire and interview process. The combined list, as well as the appropriate follow-up timepoint, was rated for importance in a two-round Delphi process that included an international group of orthopaedic surgeons, physiotherapists, nurse practitioners, patients, and families. Outcomes that reached no consensus during the Delphi process were further discussed and scored for inclusion/exclusion in a final consensus meeting involving international stakeholder representatives of practitioners, families, and patient charities.


Bone & Joint Open
Vol. 2, Issue 4 | Pages 255 - 260
15 Apr 2021
Leo DG Russell A Bridgens A Perry DC Eastwood DM Gelfer Y

Aims

This study aims to define a set of core outcomes (COS) to allow consistent reporting in order to compare results and assist in treatment decisions for idiopathic clubfoot.

Methods

A list of outcomes will be obtained in a three-stage process from the literature and from key stakeholders (patients, parents, surgeons, and healthcare professionals). Important outcomes for patients and parents will be collected from a group of children with idiopathic clubfoot and their parents through questionnaires and interviews. The outcomes identified during this process will be combined with the list of outcomes previously obtained from a systematic review, with each outcome assigned to one of the five core areas defined by the Outcome Measures Recommended for use in Randomized Clinical Trials (OMERACT). This stage will be followed by a two round Delphi survey aimed at key stakeholders in the management of idiopathic clubfoot. The final outcomes list obtained will then be discussed in a consensus meeting of representative key stakeholders.


Orthopaedic Proceedings
Vol. 87-B, Issue SUPP_I | Pages 38 - 38
1 Mar 2005
Richardson S Le Maitre C Russell A Greenway E Li Y Freemont A Hoyland J
Full Access

Introduction: Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration involves loss of disc matrix leading to instability and pain. Autologous cells are the ideal choice for bioengineering a new IVD, but removal of cells from the IVD is problematic. Our aim was to direct mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) down a chondrocytic lineage to mimic disc chondrocyte phenotype.

Methods: MSCs were either maintained in monolayer, pelleted into micromass aggregates or transferred to alginate beads. Pellet cultures were used in immunohis-tochemistry for type II collagen and aggrecan and in situ hybridisation for SOX-9 mRNA. Monolayer and alginate cells were cultured in the presence or absence of chondrogenic medium for 4 and 11 days. Monolayer cultured MSCs were also transfected with a SOX-9 adenovirus and cultured in the presence or absence of TGF-_1. Realtime quantitative PCR was used to analyse expression of chondrocyte markers.

Results: IHC showed increased expression of type II collagen and aggrecan in pellet cultures, while ISH showed that SOX-9 was not expressed by monolayer MSCs, but increased after pelleting. Realtime PCR using alginate-cultured MSCs showed down regulation of type I collagen mRNA expression and up-regulation of SOX-9 that was increased by chondrocgenic medium. SOX-9 transduced monolayer MSCs showed increased type II collagen, aggrecan, SOX-6 and SOX-9 mRNA over controls, while type I collagen levels showed no significant change. Stimulation of transfected MSCs with TGF-_1 showed similar increases in chondrocyte genes.

Discussion & conclusions: Adult human MSCs were induced to differentiate along a chondrocytic phenotype, which was mediated by culture conditions. Alginate and pellet culture produce a cell that has more chondrogenic characteristics than monolayer cells. SOX-9 transduced monolayer MSCs appeared to produce a more chondrocytic phenotype which was modulated by TGF-_1. Results suggest SOX-9 transfected monolayer MSCs may be used as a source of chondrocytes for repair of degenerate IVD.