Aims

This study reports on the medium- to long-term implant survivorship and patient-reported outcomes for the Avon patellofemoral joint (PFJ) arthroplasty.

Patients with severe knee instability remain a surgical challenge. Furthermore, in the presence of extensive bone loss, constrained condylar implants may be unsuitable.

Hinged knee replacements have served an important role in the management of such complex knee pathologies.

A combined prospective and retrospective study of 138 consecutive hinge knee arthroplasties (42 primary and 96 revisions) of 8 different models performed in our institution between 2004 and 2010 at a mean follow up of 4.2years.

Outcomes were reviewed and knee scores preoperatively and postoperatively at 1, 2 and 5 years using the American knee scoring system.

The mean preoperative American knee score of 31 improved to 87 postoperatively.

Complication rate was 19%, 15% of which required re-revisions for: loosening (4%), Infection (4%), periprosthetic fracture (3%), Implant fracture (2%), Component disassembly (1%) and dislocation (1%). Overall implant failure rate was 9% and implant survivorship was greater than 80% at 4 years.

In our study, hinge prostheses provided good stability and symptom relief with a lower complication rate compared to some previous studies.

In addition, we believe hinge prostheses can also serve as reasonable alternatives to amputation and arthrodesis in many complex knees cases.

Thromboprophylaxis is of particular interest to the NHS due to the number of deaths from preventable hospital-acquired venous thrombo-embolism, considerable treatment cost and related long-term morbidities.

In compliance with current NICE guidelines, our departmental protocol for chemical thromboprophylaxis changed from aspirin to clexane.

We present a review of the use of both these chemical agents in our hip fracture patients; assessing duration of wound ooze, incidence of symptomatic PE and DVT and thrombocytopaenia.

Prospective study of surgically treated hip fractures patients on chemical thromboprophylaxis postoperatively over a 7 month period.

Of 224 patients reviewed, 110 fitted our inclusion criteria; 78 on Clexane and 32 on aspirin. Mean patient age: 82.6 years(48–100). Mean hospital stay: 30d ays(6–80). Female predominance (3:1). Mean duration of wound ooze: 6.9 days (1–24) for aspirin and 5.6 days (0–15) for clexane. Symptomatic DVTs: 1(3%) for aspirin and 3(3.8%) for clexane. Symptomatic PE: 0 for aspirin and 1(1.3%) for clexane. Thrombocytopenia: 0 for both groups. Mean duration of wound ooze for both groups was approximately 1 week. Low but significant incidence of thrombo-embolism.

Thromboembolism-deterrent-stockings were observed to be unreliable mainly due to skin problems and compliance.

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to determine whether intra-operative identification of osseous ridge anatomy (lateral intercondylar “residents” ridge and lateral bifurcate ridge) could be used to reliably define and reconstruct individuals' native femoral ACL attachments in both single-bundle (SB) and double-bundle (DB) cases.

Background: There is limited evidence on long-term outcome following ACL reconstruction. Concern has been raised that degenerative joint disease is common in the long-term and this may be associated with use of patellar tendon autograft.

Methods: 162 patients underwent single-surgeon arthroscopic ACL reconstruction (1991–1993) were identified from our prospective database. Patient-centred outcome was by Lysholm and Subjective IKDC score, objective outcome measures were clinical examination, arthrometry and X-rays.

Results: 13 year outcome (10–15 years) is known in 115/161 patients (71%). The median subjective scores were 94% (Lysholm) and 90% (IKDC). Ipsilateral graft rupture rate was 4%, with contralateral ACL injury in 8%. Mean manual maximum KT 1000 was 9mm in the grafted knee and 8mm in the contralateral knee. Clinical laxity scores of grade 0 or 1 were found in over 93% patients. Radiographically 66% were normal or near normal (Grade A or B). When compared to the contra-lateral uninjured knee we found no significant difference in the proportion of normal/near normal x-rays (grade A/B) versus abnormal/severe (grade C/D) for the medial, lateral nor patellofemoral compartments. There was no significant difference in the radiological IKDC grades in the medial compartment when compared to the contra-lateral uninjured knee, but there was a difference in the lateral and patellofemoral joints.

Conclusions: At 13 years patellar tendon ACLR provides excellent patient satisfaction, with clinically objective knee stability and low risk of re-rupture. Radiographically degenerative change was seen in 34%. There was no significant side to side difference to the uninjured contralateral medial knee joint, but there was a small but significant difference in the lateral and patellofemoral joints. The lateral joint differences may reflect underlying bone bruising at the time of injury. We do not believe that the patellar tendon autograft is the cause of arthrosis after BTB ACLR.