Abstract
Accurate placement of the acetabular component is essential in Total Hip Arthroplasty (THA). The purpose of this study is to determine if an analog spirit level can improve the surgeon's ability to achieve acetabular inclination within the “safe-zone” of 30 to 50 degrees.
We reviewed 167 primary THAs performed by a single surgeon over 14 months. Procedures were performed at two facilities, an inpatient hospital where a spirit level was utilized and an ambulatory facility where it was not. We excluded 47 patients with a BMI>40, age>68 or a surgical indication other than osteoarthritis who were not candidates for the ambulatory center. Cup inclination angles were measured from de-identified plain radiographs by two blinded investigators not involved in the index procedures. The effect of level usage on inclination angle was determined using multivariate regression analysis.
The mean inclination angle for the 68 hips performed with the level was 42.9 degrees (95% CI: 41.7–44.0) compared to 46.5 degrees (95% CI: 45.2–47.7) for the 52 hips without it (p<.001). Regression analysis demonstrated a 9.1% difference in cup inclination due to the level (p<.001), and THAs performed without the level were 3 times more likely to result in inclinations > 50 degrees (OR 2.8, p=.036). The two investigators' measurements demonstrated a correlation of 0.95 (95% CI: 0.93–0.97).
Use of a simple spirit level resulted in a significant reduction in the number of outliers compared to the freehand technique. The spirit level may be a simple and inexpensive tool to improve acetabular component abduction angles.
