ANALYSIS OF PREDICTIVE FACTORS FOR TRANSFUSION IN HIP FRACTURES

Abstract

Patients and Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of neck of femur fractures over a period of two years. Variables analysed were the perioperative haemoglobin levels, type of fracture and surgery, age, gender and blood transfusion in the perioperative period.

Results: Out of a total of 310 patients 49 required a postoperative blood transfusion.

The mean preoperative Hb of patients who required blood transfusion was 11; S.D. 1.49 while those who did not require a transfusion it was 12.5; S.D.1.42. Transfusion was required in 23% of patients having extra-capsular neck of femur fractures fixed with a DHS and in 9.5% of patients having intracapsular neck of femur fractures undergoing a hemiarthroplasty.

The univariate analysis showed a significant relationship between post-operative transfusion and the pre-operative Hb level (p=0.0001) and the type of fracture (p=0.001). However no relationship was found between transfusion and age (p=0.423) and the gender of the patient (p=0.611).

Discussion: The results of our study indicate that the most important factor in the prediction for blood transfusion in fracture neck of femur is the preoperative level of Hb as well as the type of fracture. Predicting a priori, the target population at a higher risk of requiring blood transfusion would enable us to establish appropriate prophylactic measures.